The visual phenomena around the sun at Fatima can be explained by the sun's fixation.
This argument is used in the debate Does God exist?.
This argument is an objection to Our Lady's apparitions and prodigies at Fatima prove the existence of God.
Summary
Quotes
“An important indication is that, according to the testimonies, the people present at Fátima looked at the sun, let's even say they stared at the sun. In this case, striking sensations can occur. [...]
When we stare at the sun, we instinctively move our eyes to prevent the sun's image from remaining in the same place on the retina. As a result, the image of the sun moves across the retina, giving the impression that the sun is "dancing". In addition, several afterimages of different colors appear.
Auguste Meessen, professor emeritus of physics (including quantum physics) at the University of Leuven, recently carried out this kind of dangerous experiment. [He believes that the explanation lies simply in looking at the sun for (too) long.Meessen ventured the experiment of staring at the sun himself. "The sun turned grey because my eyes reacted immediately to the strong luminosity and automatically reduced their sensitivity". He also saw a bright ring around the solar disk. This phenomenon was also reported by witnesses at Fátima.”
References
Justifications
Objections
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The Fatima witnesses stared at the sun without suffering any after-effects, which shows that the phenomenon is not natural.