The race for ever more population is a mistake
Summary
Demography is not necessarily an asset. Countries with small populations are often more prosperous than overpopulated countries like India. We continue to want demography to take precedence, because we think in terms of the 19th century, when France's power depended on the size of its population. Such a criterion no longer makes sense in the age of automation and robots, when a country's power depends on its technologies and the level of education of its citizens rather than their numbers.
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